Latin American Novel

by Chao Chen, Humanities Reference Librarian

email chao.chen@tufts.edu | phone 617.627.2057 | home icon Homepage

Chao Chen


Preparations for Research

A. Close Reading/Textual Analysis of Fictions
What, in the text, interests or puzzles you?

  • The title?
  • The plot?
  • The setting?
  • The character(s) (dialogues, actions, etc.)
  • Point of view (the narrator)?
  • Symbolism, the recurrence of imagery or events
  • Style?
  • Theme?

B. Your Interpretations of These Evidence:
How do these elements illustrate or raise questions about a problem/ issue?

C. Your Argument about the Text based on your Interpretations

  • 1. Avoid a general argument that most readers could reach from a simple reading of the text.
  • 2. Your statement of opinion should have such a depth that it requires further reasoning throughout the whole paper.
  • 3. Your argument may not be completely original; but it might include some unique set of evidence and illustration as well as individual reasoning.

Sources:

Writing Center at UNC (handouts)

Barnet, Sylvan. A Short Guide to Writing About Literature. 11th ed. New York: Longman, 2009.

 

A Short Guide to Writing about Literature by Sylvan Barnet. (2009 11th ed.)

book cover

PART 2: Standing Back: Thinking Critically about Literature; PART 3 Up Close: Thinking Critically about Literary Forms; 10 Writing about Fiction: The World of the Story; Plot and Character; Foreshadowing; Setting and Atmosphere; Symbolism; Point of View; Theme: Vision or Argument? ....13 Writing about an Author in Depth. PART 4 Inside: Style, Format, and Special Assignments; 15 Writing a Research Paper.


Authors Featured in the Course:

"Significant historical and political shifts between 1950 and 1975 inspired Latin American novelists to publish works that merited international critical attention. This course introduces students to this corpus of texts, which will include novels by Alejo Carpentier, Gabriel García Márquez, and Miguel Barnet." The course will "explore the notion of 'lo real maravillsos' and the phenomenon of the Boom; and consider how the themes of utopia and revolution have been imagined by these writers".


Oxford Spanish-English Dictionary

 

1. Dictionary of Literary Biography

2. Contemporary Literary Criticism--Select
3. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms.


4. Textbooks on Course Reserves.


5. Literary Surveys: (most in References collections)
The Cambridge Companion to the Latin American Novel. / edited by Efraín Kristal. (Stacks: PE1479.C7 M49 1995)

Encyclopedia of Latin American and Caribbean Literature, 1900-2003. PQ7081.A1 E558 2004

The Cambridge History of Latin American Literature. PQ7081.A1 C35 1996

6. Social, Cultural and Historical Backgrounds:
Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture.

Oxford Reference Online

social, political, religous history; history of ideas; all periods.

Search Oxford Reference Online

 

Subject Encyclopedias/dictionaries & Textbooks provide:

1. thorough introductions and summaries of major literary movements and critical theories in their historical and social contexts

2. and with cross-references to related topics and bibliographies; bio-bibliographies of literary authors

3. and their works and writings, theories, etc. in critical context.


arrow Readings on Course Reserves.




arrow WorldCat (catalogs of libraries worldwide)




Procedure Note:

1. Verify if Tufts Library has the book you need.

2. Use ILliad (interlibrary loan service) to request non-Tufts books.



Path of Discovery in the Catalogs

1. Find a title/author (assigned readings/Course Reserves);

2. Note the descriptive language of the Catalog record.

3. Use that language in further searches

  1. e.g. Click on subject/author in the record to see further results and related topics.
Title The Cambridge Companion to the Latin American Novel / edited by Efraín Kristal.
Publisher Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
Subject Latin American fiction -- History and criticism.
Added Author Kristal, Efraín, 1959-

Many more books on well-studied authors, so it helps to browse through some typical subject subdivisions in book Catalogs:

García Márquez, Gabriel (last name first in subject search)

García Márquez, Gabriel, 1928- -- Bibliography
García Márquez, Gabriel, 1928- Cien Años De Soledad.

García Márquez, Gabriel, 1928- -- Criticism and interpretation

García Márquez, Gabriel, 1928- -- Interviews.

A Keyword Search for comparatively less-studied authors

  1. "Miguel Barnet"

Some authors are found in a chapter of a book (on broader/general topics) rather than in a monograph (books on a singular subject/author):

Cubanisimo!: the Vintage Book of Contemporary Cuban Literature / edited and with an introduction by Cristina García.

book cover

José Martí -- Fernando Ortiz -- Antonio Benítez-Rojo -- Lydia Cabrera -- Dulce María Loynaz -- Alejo Carpentier -- Miguel Barnet -- Guillermo Cabrera Infante -- Nancy Morejón -- Calvert Casey -- José Lezama Lima -- Herberto Padilla -- Lourdes Casal -- Lino Novás Calvo -- Nicolás Guillén -- Virgilio Piñera -- Gustavo Pérez-Firmat -- Severo Sarduy -- Reinaldo Arenas -- Zoé Valdés -- Ernesto Mestre -- María Elena Cruz Varela -- José Manuel Prieto -- Ana Menéndez -- Rafael Campo.

Subject Headings for the Book:

Cuban literature

Cuban Literature -- 20th Century -- History And Criticism

García, Cristina, 1958-


Perform a Keyword Search for a broader question related to your author/literary works:

“magic realism” and (marquez or “latin america*”)

Sample results in Tufts Library Catalog:

  • Ghosts, Metaphor, and History in Toni Morrison's Beloved and Gabriel García Márquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude. 2009
  • Conversations with Gabriel García Márquez. 2006
  • Rediscovering Magical Realism in the Americas. 2004.
  • Funcionalidad de las Claves Estéticas del Realismo Mágico en la Novela Hispanoamericana . 1996


Note:

  • 1. include "and" in between keywords;
  • 2. "or" and ( ) to nest related/varied expressions;
  • 3. america* for all forms of the word: america, american, americans.
  • 4. “ ” quotations marks around phrases.

Search MLA (International Bibliography of Language & Literature)

Collection of Journals

1. JSTOR
(with OMISSION of the latest 3-5 years)

2. Project Muse (with current years only)


Latin American Studies

PRISMA.


Additional Databases

Arts & Humanities Citation Index

Film & Television Literature Index
Women's Studies International

Select a Database(s) to Search:


Click on the number to pause the slide.

Some Database Characteristics


Each Database is selective

arrow Subject Matter—disciplinary perspective, period, geographical region, and more;
arrow Scope —types, number, and years of publications covered
arrow Depth (of indexing) —citation, ciabstracts, full texts, which determines their search capabilities.




Strategy in Selecting a Database


arrow First, run a relatively broad search in them to assess their relevance on a topic;
arrow Next, try out a variety of keyword, subject, and author searches in a chosen database.
arrow Last, use newly learned ideas and words in other databases.

About JSTOR and Project Muse

1. The collections include journals from all displines— literary studies, Latin American Studies, and others;

2. JStor are likely to include seminal works on a subject, which are highly original and influential, and central to the development or understanding of a subject.

3. Must check for up-to-date information from other sources when using JSTOR.

Click to browse some journals here:

journal coverjournal coverjournal coverjournal cover

Range of Keywords—Scope of a Research Question


1. Start with a general search with simply the author's name, or title of the novel.

2. Examine the general search results to discover possible focuses on some typical elements; evidences you have collected in your reading of the text and you will use to support your thesis of the paper.

  • 1. imagery or themes, e.g. solitude of power, language, ghost, time;
  • 2. characters/characterization, e.g. the female figures, the matriarch vs the prostitute;
  • 3. the plot, events, actions;
  • 4. the settings
  • 5. literary devices, e.g. points of view, the interplay of myth and history;
  • 6. and more.

Focus on a character?

What issue or problem does the character help illustrate or answer, and how?

The character "Ursula Iguaran" helps illustrate the treatment of female characters or raise questions about women in society in Marquez' novel, "One Hundred Years of Solitude".

Sample search:
marquez and (solitude or soledad) and (women or female or "Ursula Iguaran")


Note:

1. include "and" in between keywords;

2. "or" and ( ) to nest related/varied expressions;

3. " " around phrases.

 

Evaluation of Search Results:

In what types of journals and publications (besides literary studies) did you find relevant work? What does this suggest about research on your topic?

What sorts of audiences seem to be addressed in works on your topic? How can you tell? 

What aspects of the search results surprised you? Why? Did “peripheral materials” lead you anywhere? How?

Based on your search, how would you characterize the main approaches to your topic? What do you think are some of the central debates in the study of your topic? What is your evidence for thinking so?

Review of Recent Books

Reviews of recent books on a subject are likely to summarize the current state of research in an area;

A sample search in Project Muse and limited to Book Reviews :

"magic realism" and ("latin america*" or colombia*)

a record


Note:

1. include "and" in between keywords;

2. "or" and ( ) to nest related/varied expressions;

3. America* searches for all forms of the word, America, American, etc.

 

Read a Couple of Articles Carefully and Identify:

  • the "problem" addressed (the thesis of the article);
  • the central debates on this problem;
  • the major arguments by the author;
  • the methods applied in making these arguments;
  • the evidence (e.g., language, imagery, narrative forms, author's interviews, diaries, etc., or secondary sources);
  • if the conclusions are based on speculations, are they convincing?

Throughout your reading:

  • Compare and contrast methods by authors: key points of difference or convergence
  • Note controversies and weaknesses; explain and clarify gaps
  • How about the presentation, logic and clarity of the article?
  • State your own positions; provide your own interpretations and critiques

Finding Full Texts

1. Click on the FindItAtTufts button to these three options:

  • a. link to the full text of the article when available digitally;
  • b. link to a Library Catalog search for the journal in print that contains your article.
  • c. link to ILliad for requesting the article when the above two options are negative.

2. Search for a journal directly here:

Current (United States and International)

  1. LexisNexis Academic (Foreign Language Sources)
  2. Factiva

Ethnic, Alternative and Independent Press

  1. Alt-PressWatch    
  2. Ethnic NewsWatch  from 1990 -
  3. Ethnic NewsWatch: A History  1960 -  1989

Historical

  1. Time Magazine (1923-Present)
  2. New York Times Online Archive
    (1851 - 3 years before current date)
  1. Times Digital Archive (1785 - 1985)

 


Factiva includes content in over 22 languages from over 150 countries and 350 geographic regions.


 

MLA style rules and examples
Chicago/Turabian style rules and examples

 

Citation Management Tool: RefWorks

  • 1. Store your records of books, articles, etc.
  • 2. Generate a bibliography in the style of your choice.
  • 3. Format in-text notes/footnotes while you write.


Learn how to use RefWorks


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last updated: 03/30/10